STREET HARASSMENT:

A Feminist Guide to Analysis and Direct Action by Cathy Ramos

For women who cross the other side of the street before anything is said, who look down at the ground because they've learned to avoid eye contact. For Women who have yelled back "FUCK YOU!" (or wanted to). Street Harassment Project

Defining it

Street Harassment refers to disrespect women receive daily in public spaces: streets, busses, and parks. Acts of street harassment can include lewd sexual comments and solicitations, stalking, touching and grabbing, demands to smile, cat calls, whistles, glaring, and remarks.

What's the big deal?

Street harassment targets women, making them constantly aware that they--as woman--are not totally welcome or respected in public space. Harassment communicates to women that they will always stand out and be treated as sex objects -- wherever they go. When women want this kind of attention, they want it on their terms. Women don't want men to control how they are defined in public. Harassers don't give a shit about what women want. Street harassment is forced. Street harassment happens with or without a woman's consent. Harassers impose themselves without regard to respect for a woman's own demands and desires. Street harassment is about control and power. If women assert control, harassers get angry. It does not matter what a harasser is thinking. Ethnographic on-the-spot interviews reveal they aren't thinking about much. What matters is what a harasser's actions are saying, because this is the message that women deal with when it comes down to it.

The Message

If it's a compliment, then why does it offend me? Compliments are made to please the recipient, not the giver. Harassers treat women like speciments or playthings that exist for their pleasure and for their judgement. Harassment tells women that if they are not being claimed by some other man, they are and their bodies are naturally and publicly available. This takes control and individual rights away from us.

Blame

Because I am dressed this way, do I have no rights? Is my body no longer mine? Whether women resist or remain silent, they are often blamed for what is happening to them. Just like with rape and other forms of harassment, the questions often are: What were you wearing? Why were you walking alone? Why did you walk over there? Why did you look at him? Why did you get so angry? Harassment happens to all women and blaming women only ignores the real problem. Women should be able to look and say whatever they like and still be safe and respected as human beings.

Talking with Violence

The reality of rape and assault effects the way street harassment is experienced. Interviews consistently show that women are mindful of a felt threat of potential escalation to assault, violence, and rape during encounters of street harassment--no matter how mild the "compliment." (See Carol Brooks Gardner). When "flirtation" happens on the street between strangers, it takes on this added meaning--especially when it is one sided. Women have many reasons to feel this threat of possible escalation on the street. Rapists test potential targets with harassment. Harassers often get angrier, more persistent or intrusive. This can make many women feel like getting away and remaining silent is their only option.

Living With It

As "everyday" situations that come to feel normal or expected, many women feel like they have learned to live with less threatening forms of street harassment. We must ask then: How does "living with" street harassment effect us? Living with street harassment means having to take the message about our bodies that harassers bring. It means accepting assault and disrespect as normal. Many women are taught to never respond to harassers, to pretend it's not happening. If they something they are called a "bitch," blamed, or can face violence. Living with street harassment means learning that in uncomfortable sexual situations, you should do nothing. It means that when you walk outside you do not walk with freedom. It means you have to come to expect and accept disrespect. Street harassment changes who you are and how you are allowed to live.

R-e-s-p-e-c-t Means:

The right to walk down any street at any hour freely. Without protection or worries about protection. The right to exist without someone else defining you, demanding of you, or trying to take from you. To not be told that YOU as a WOMAN are there for someone elses pleasure, there to respond to solicitations, asking for it, or wanting and waiting for male judgement. To be a human being that is not treated as "woman," "girl," "hoe," "bitch," or "ass." We demand respect. We demand an ackowledgement of our individual autonomy. We demand freedom.

Considering Race and Class

MYTHS
1. It's only Latinos, Blacks, and the poor who harass. Some people argue that only certain types of men are harassers. Most commonly, people distinguish by race. Sometimes prejudice, racism, and racial fears can influence these beliefs. People of all races and classes street harass.
2. Race and class don't effect harassment.Some people believe that street harassment is only about gender. They believe that race or class differences do not effect interactions. Sometimes racial tensions, differences, or prejudices can influence the way people act toward each other (in any situation) and how people see each other. Harassment can be racist. 3. You should accept it when black or Latino men harass you. It's cultural. Men from all cultures harass. Sexism and prejudice can be normalized, but it's never "ok." Many African American women and Latinas stand against street harassment!

REALITIES
1. Everyone's experience is different. Different people may find themselves harassed more by different people, depending on where they live and specifics of their community. Sometimes some groups of people are outside and in the streets more often then other groups. Think before generalizing.
2. All men harass to feel masculine. Men who don't harass on the street might in offices or other contexts. Maybe they don't at all!
3. Marginalized women are harassed more. Women of color can be further sexualized by harassers who don't believe they "want it" or "deserve it." Women who don't live in gated communities and have to walk around are more vulnerable to harassment.>/br> MANY SIDES TO OPPRESSION
There are many forms of street harassment and discrimination. Do not fight street harassment at the cost of forgetting someone else's situation. Never respond with racial ephitets. Think before calling cops, the criminal "justice" system is racist. Policing youth of color for hanging out on the streets or entering segregated spaces is harassment. Segregation is oppressive. So is avoiding men of color out of racist fears. Build community and respect.

DIRECT ACTION

Demanding Respect-RIGHT NOW, RIGHT HERE
We can theorize and discuss what is happening only for so long. At the end of the day, we need an intervention that will stop harassers in their tracks. Below I share some answers to the most common uestion women have: What should I do? What can I say? These tactics are for those who want action that will have a direct and immediate impact.

FUCK YOU!!!! Improvisations:
There are many possible responses to street harassment. The most common ones include improvised insults, "FUCK YOU!" and sticking up a middle finger. These responses communicate to harassers that women do not find what is happening to be "cute," "fun and games," or "desired." When women pretend to ignore harassment there is no consequence created for harassers. Responding with a "FUCK YOU!" communicates women's anger and refusal to take harassment. There are m any creative ways to respond

Sometimes, harassers will get angrier or threatening when women refuse to act politely in the fact of their disrespect. This reveals how forced street harassment is, because it shows how little harassers care whether women want it or not. Be aware that some people choose to call women's justified anger--crazy, out of control or bitchy.

Non-Violent Confrontations
Influenced by women's self-defense, and principles of non-violence, this strategy for direct action emphasizes assertiveness over aggressiveness or passivity. This m ethod can allow women to take control away from harassers. It should not include cursing or insults. A typical non violent confrontation might go something like this: "Whistling at women when they walk by is disrespectful. No one likes it. Don't ever whistle at another woman you don't know again." Confronting oppression gets easier with practice. So don't give up! If you are stuck in street harassment encounters, you can always respond with: That is disrespectful. Stop harssing women. No one likes it.

This stragety was taken from Marty Langelan's book Back Off. Please refer to this amazing guide for an analysis of street harassment, success stories, and more details on this strategy and self defense. Langelan continues to provide workshops and training on these techniques. The D.C. Anti Street Harassment Squad, a new activist organization of women, promotes non-violent confrontation techniques and also conducts workshops, if you have any questions, please e-mail them at dontcallmebaby@lists.mutalaid.org.

Group Counter Harassment
Another tactic that has been practiced for years by women in groups is counter harassment. Women heckle and harass harassers back, giving them a taste of their own medicine. The Street Harassment Project uses their own version of this, going in groups of 4-10 women to different parts of the city. Women disperse and walk around. When a woman is harassed, shes yells out for others and everyone surrounds the harasser. This gives women a safe and powerful context tot heir resistence. Women then talk with the harasser, demand an end to harassment, or counter harass--whatever they are comfortable with.

Attack
The impact and felt threat of violence street harassment carries make encounters assaultive. One woman, Loolwa Khazoom, has decided that ultimately words can be ignored by harassers. She sometimes chooses to respond to harasser's assaults by physically hitting them. she discusses this in Consequence. Khazoom argues that women are too easily written off as easy targets. She believes that creating unavoidable consequences for violence against women will make us much safer. Men need to stop overfighting and women need to stop underfighting. She asks women to create unavoidable consequences for harassment and violence against women.

Photography/Video
Some women have responded to street harassment by whipping out a video camera or by taking the harassers pictures. (Check out Maggie Hadleigh West's documentary, War Zone). This method can be used to hold harasser's accountable, especially if pictures are posted to a wider community. It also turns the spotlight on harassers.
And More From performances to tunnels, women have come up with a variety of strategies to confront harassers directly, and to get the word out about street harassment. SHP conducts workships throughout the community. Speak-up! Tell other men and women what you think. Strategize!

Please visit the Street Harassment Project for some great fliers/posters like this!

Water is Life: Photographer refocuses attention on a simple necessity: drinking water

WWW.WATERFORNIGER.ORG: TO SEE PICTURES AND GET MORE INFO
Randall Beach
06/02/2006

Ariane Alzhara Kirtley thought she had seen the poorest people on Earth during her travels in Africa. But then she discovered the people of the Azawak region of Niger, who often simply have no drinking water.

After living among these people for three months, and seeing some of them needlessly die, Kirtley has put on hold her photography career and is working full time to raise money for a well-building project.

Kirtley returned from Niger with a collection of her evocative photos, on exhibit at the New Haven Free Public Library, 133 Elm St. The title: "Water is Life."

Kirtley spent her childhood in Niger, so she has a natural affinity for its people. It was the Africans she met as an infant who gave her the middle name Alzhara, meaning "the flower who blossoms in the desert."

""t also means 'luck,'" she said with a big smile Thursday at the library. "I do feel lucky," she said. "I've already been able to raise $28,000. But I still have a long way to go." (Her goal is $250,000, the cost of building two deep wells.)

Kirtley moved to Niger when she was 6 months old because her parents, Michael and Aubine Kirtley, were photojournalists working for National Geographic magazine. She lived there until she was 12.

Kirtley received an anthropology degree from Yale College in 2001 and a master's degree from the Yale School of Public Health in 2004. Then she landed a Fulbright Scholarship to return to Niger and do public health research.

After her Fulbright research assistant asked her to go to the Azawak region, Kirtley's eyes were opened to the worst poverty she had ever encountered.

Humanitarian groups such as CARE will not venture into that area, Kirtley said, because CARE officials are hesitant to send staffers to a region with such a limited water supply.

The Azawak population numbers about 500,000 and many of them are nomadic. In rural areas, which comprise 99 percent of the Azawak, there are no roads, no schools and no health centers.

Last year, in the district where Kirtley was living and working, 25 percent of the children under age 5 died because they had no water to drink, she said.

"Every day, children as young as 7 or 8 walk up to 35 miles round trip to find water," she said. "The parents have to take care of the animals (livestock)."

During the rainy season, Kirtley noted, the people drink contaminated water from ponds.
When she visited, she limited her stays to one month because she always got sick from the food. She drank her own water; she brought a month's supply, sharing cups with her hosts.

As poor as these people are, she said, "They welcomed me. I was showered with little gifts they had made, such as leather pouches. They walked 10 miles to get a goat and killed it so I would have meat.

"What I want people to understand," Kirtley said, "is that these people I'm trying to help are extremely hard-working and courageous. They are generous, beautiful people that need a little help to live."

She said in the area she was working, 10 children died last year because they drank dirty water. And several months ago, "a good friend of mine died in child labor because she couldn't ride a donkey." (It is a two-day donkey ride to the nearest medical center.)

"It was completely preventable," Kirtley said of her friend's death. "And this happens all the time. All the time.

"I consider these people my children, my family," she said. "And they're dying."

The public appears to be drawn to these photos of smiling people working to survive, to get water. Connie Taylor, a security guard at the library, was watching Dennis Hamilton put up the photos Wednesday, and she was stunned by the exhibit.

"This is amazing," she said. "I can't believe they don't have water. But their clothing and their braids are beautiful."

Kirtley is working through the Friendship Caravan, based in Washington, D.C., to raise funds for those wells. People wishing to donate should make out their checks to the Friendship Caravan and mail them to The Friendship Caravan, Project Water is Life, 1211 S. Eads St., Suite 2101, Arlington, Va. 22202.

Kirtleys exhibit will be up until June 15 in the lower level of the library. The library is, regretfully, closed Fridays and Sundays. But it is open Mondays from noon to 8 p.m., Tuesdays and Wednesdays from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., Thursdays from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. and Saturdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Randall Beach can be reached at rbeach@nhregister.com or 789-5766.

New Haven Register 2006